Difference between revisions of "Chemical elements"
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The following is a list of the 118 chemical elements of the periodic table<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_element</ref>, with English names, brief etymologies, and equivalents in other languages. This chart includes the following information and languages: | The following is a list of the 118 chemical elements of the periodic table<ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_element</ref>, with English names, brief etymologies, and equivalents in other languages. This chart includes the following information and languages: | ||
| − | * etymology | + | * etymology (Eng. = old English word; Am. = American; Ar. = Arabic; Gk. = Greek; Ger. = German; Fr. = French; Jp. = Japanese; Lat. = Latin; Ru. = Russian) |
* atomic weight | * atomic weight | ||
* its element's block on the periodic table (based on electron shell configurations) | * its element's block on the periodic table (based on electron shell configurations) | ||
| Line 13: | Line 13: | ||
{| class="wikitable sortable" | {| class="wikitable sortable" | ||
| − | ! # !! | + | ! # !! style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| sym !! name !! scope="col" style="max-width: 18px;" | etymology !! disc. !! group !! bl. !! wt. !! German !! Spanish !! French !! Italian !! Russian !! Korean !! 簡 !! 繁 !! pinyin !! Japanese !! Jp pron. !! Viet. |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 1 || H || Hydrogen || style="font-size:. | + | | 1 || H || Hydrogen || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Gk. hydro-+-gen,'water-forming' || 1766 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| non-metal || s || 1 || Wasserstoff style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| (Hydrogenium) || Hidrógeno || Hydrogène || Idrogeno || Водород || 수소 || 氢 || 氫 || Qīng || 水素 || suiso || hydro |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 2 || He || Helium || style="font-size:. | + | | 2 || He || Helium || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Gk. hḗlios,'sun' || 1895 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| noble gas || s || 4 || Helium || Helio || Hélium || Elio || Гелий || 헬륨 || 氦 || 氦 || Hài || ヘリウム || heriumu || heli |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 3 || Li || Lithium || style="font-size:. | + | | 3 || Li || Lithium || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Gk. líthos,'stone' || 1817 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| alkali metal || s || 6.9 || Lithium || Litio || Lithium || Litio || Литий || 리튬 || 锂 || 鋰 || Lǐ || リチウム || riteumu || lithi |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 4 || Be || Beryllium || | + | | 4 || Be || Beryllium || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Beryl, a mineral (> Belur, India) || 1798 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| alkaline earth || s || 9 || Beryllium || Berilio || Béryllium || Berillio || Бериллий || 베릴륨 || 铍 || 鈹 || Pī || ベリリウム || beririumu || beryli |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 5 || B || Boron || | + | | 5 || B || Boron || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Borax, a mineral (> Ar bawraq) || 1808 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| metaloid || p || 10.8 || Bor || Boro || Bore || Boro || Бор || 붕소 || 硼 || 硼 || Péng || ホウ素 || houso || bo |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 6 || C || Carbon || style="font-size:. | + | | 6 || C || Carbon || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Lat. carbo,'coal' || Ø || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| non-metal || p || 12 || Kohlenstoff (Carbonium) || Carbono || Carbone || Carbonio || Углерод || 탄소 || 碳 || 碳 || Tàn || 炭素 || tanso || cacbon |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 7 || N || Nitrogen || style="font-size:. | + | | 7 || N || Nitrogen || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Gk. nítron + -gen,'niter-forming' || 1772 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| non-metal || p || 14 || Stickstoff (Nitrogenium) || Nitrógeno || Azote || Azoto || Азот || 질소 || 氮 || 氮 || Dàn || 窒素 || chisso || nitơ |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 8 || O || Oxygen || style="font-size:. | + | | 8 || O || Oxygen || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Gk. oxy-+-gen,'acid-forming' || 1774 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| non-metal || p || 16 || Sauerstoff (Oxygenium) || Oxígeno || Oxygène || Ossigeno || Кислород || 산소 || 氧 || 氧 || Yǎng || 酸素 || sanso || oxy |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 9 || F || Fluorine || style="font-size:. | + | | 9 || F || Fluorine || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Lat. fluere,'to flow' || 1886 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| halogen || p || 19 || Fluor || Flúor || Fluor || Fluoro || Фтор || 플루오린 || 氟 || 氟 || Fú || フッ素 || fusso || fluor |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 10 || Ne || Neon || style="font-size:. | + | | 10 || Ne || Neon || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Gk. néon,'new' || 1898 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| noble gas || p || 20.2 || Neon || Neón || Néon || Neon || Неон || 네온 || 氖 || 氖 || Nǎi || ネオン || neon || neon |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 11 || Na || Sodium || | + | | 11 || Na || Sodium || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Eng. > Lat. soda; Na > New Lat. natrium> Ger. Natron,'natron' || 1807 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| alkali metal || s || 23 || Natrium || Sodio || Sodium || Sodio || Натрий || 나트륨 (소듐) || 钠 || 鈉 || Nà || ナトリウム || natoriumu || natri |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 12 || Mg || Magnesium || | + | | 12 || Mg || Magnesium || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Magnesia, district of Eastern Thessaly, Greece || 1808 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| alkaline earth || s || 24.3 || Magnesium || Magnesio || Magnésium || Magnesio || Магний || 마그네슘 || 镁 || 鎂 || Měi || マグネシウム || maguneshiumu || magiê |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 13 || Al || Aluminum || | + | | 13 || Al || Aluminum || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Alumina > Lat. alumen (gen. aluminis),'bitter salt, alum' || 1825 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| metal || p || 27 || Aluminium || Aluminio || Aluminium || Alluminio || Алюминий || 알루미늄 || 铝 || 鋁 || Lǚ || アルミニウム || aruminiumu || nhôm |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 14 || Si || Silicon || style="font-size:. | + | | 14 || Si || Silicon || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Lat. silex,'flint' (orig. silicium) || 1823 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| metaloid || p || 28.1 || Silicium || Silicio || Silicium || Silicio || Кремний || 규소 || 硅 || 硅 || Guī || ケイ素 || keiso || silic |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 15 || P || Phosphorus || style="font-size:. | + | | 15 || P || Phosphorus || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Gk. phōsphóros,'light-bearing' || 1669 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| non-metal || p || 31 || Phosphor || Fósforo || Phosphore || Fosforo || Фосфор || 인 || 磷 || 磷 || Lín || リン || rin || phosphor |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 16 || S || Sulfur || style="font-size:. | + | | 16 || S || Sulfur || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Lat. sulphur,'brimstone' || Ø || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| non-metal || p || 32.1 || Schwefel (Sulphur) || Azufre || Soufre || Zolfo || Сера || 황 || 硫 || 硫 || Liú || 硫黄 || iou || lưu huỳnh |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 17 || Cl || Chlorine || style="font-size:. | + | | 17 || Cl || Chlorine || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Gk. chlōrós,'greenish yellow' || 1774 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| halogen || p || 35.5 || Chlor || Cloro || Chlore || Cloro || Хлор || 염소 || 氯 || 氯 || Lǜ || 塩素 || enso || clo |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 18 || Ar || Argon || style="font-size:. | + | | 18 || Ar || Argon || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Gk. argós,'idle' (due to its inertness) || 1894 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| noble gas || p || 40 || Argon || Argón || Argon || Argon || Аргон || 아르곤 || 氩 || 氬 || Yà || アルゴン || arugon || agon |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 19 || K || Potassium || | + | | 19 || K || Potassium || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| New Lat. potassa,'potash'> pot + ash; K > Lat. kalium || 1807 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| alkali metal || s || 39.1 || Kalium || Potasio || Potassium || Potassio || Калий || 칼륨 (포타슘) || 钾 || 鉀 || Jiǎ || カリウム || kariumu || kali |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 20 || Ca || Calcium || style="font-size:. | + | | 20 || Ca || Calcium || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Lat. calx,'lime' || 1808 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| alkaline earth || s || 40.1 || Calcium || Calcio || Calcium || Calcio || Кальций || 칼슘 || 钙 || 鈣 || Gài || カルシウム || karushiumu || calci |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 21 || Sc || Scandium || style="font-size:. | + | | 21 || Sc || Scandium || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Lat. Scandia,'Scandinavia' || 1879 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| transition metal || d || 45 || Scandium || Escandio || Scandium || Scandio || Скандий || 스칸듐 || 钪 || 鈧 || Kàng || スカンジウム || sukanjiumu || scandi |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 22 || Ti || Titanium || | + | | 22 || Ti || Titanium || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Titans, sons of Earth goddess in Gk. myth. || 1791 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| transition metal || d || 47.9 || Titan || Titanio || Titane || Titanio || Титан || 타이타늄 (타타늄, 타탄) || 钛 || 鈦 || Tài || チタン || chitan || titan |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 23 || V || Vanadium || | + | | 23 || V || Vanadium || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Vanadis, an Old Norse name for Scandinavian goddess Freyja || 1830 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| transition metal || d || 50.9 || Vanadium || Vanadio || Vanadium || Vanadio || Ванадий || 바나듐 || 钒 || 釩 || Fǎn || バナジウム || banajiumu || vanadi |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 24 || Cr || Chromium || style="font-size:. | + | | 24 || Cr || Chromium || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Gk. chróma,'colour' || 1797 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| transition metal || d || 52 || Chrom || Cromo || Chrome || Cromo || Хром || 크로뮴 (크롬) || 铬 || 鉻 || Luò || クロム || kuromu || crom |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 25 || Mn || Manganese || | + | | 25 || Mn || Manganese || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Corrupted fr. magnesia negra; see magnesium || 1774 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| transition metal || d || 54.9 || Mangan || Manganeso || Manganèse || Manganese || Марганец || 망가니즈 (망간) || 锰 || 錳 || Měng || マンガン || mangan || mangan |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 26 || Fe || Iron || | + | | 26 || Fe || Iron || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Eng.; Fe > Lat. ferrum || Ø || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| transition metal || d || 55.8 || Eisen (Ferrum) || Hierro || Fer || Ferro || Железо || 철 || 铁 || 鐵 || Tiě || 鉄 || tetsu || sắt |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 27 || Co || Cobalt || | + | | 27 || Co || Cobalt || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Ger. Kobold,'goblin' || 1737 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| transition metal || d || 58.9 || Cobalt || Cobalto || Cobalt || Cobalto || Кобальт || 코발트 || 钴 || 鈷 || Gǔ || コバルト || kobaruto || coban |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 28 || Ni || Nickel || | + | | 28 || Ni || Nickel || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Nickel, a mischievous sprite of Ger. miner myth. || 1751 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| transition metal || d || 58.7 || Nickel || Níquel || Nickel || Nichel || Никель || 니켈 || 镍 || 鎳 || Niè || ニッケル || nikkeru || niken |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 29 || Cu || Copper || | + | | 29 || Cu || Copper || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Eng.> Lat. cuprum > Ancient Gk. Kýpros 'Cyprus' || Ø || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| transition metal || d || 63.5 || Kupfer (Cuprum) || Cobre || Cuivre || Rame || Медь || 구리 || 铜 || 銅 || Tóng || 銅 || dou || đồng |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 30 || Zn || Zinc || | + | | 30 || Zn || Zinc || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Most likely > Ger. Zinke,'prong' or'tooth', or Persian sang, 'stone' || 1746 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| transition metal || d || 65.4 || Zink || Zinc || Zinc || Zinco || Цинк || 아연 || 锌 || 鋅 || Xīn || 亜鉛 || aen || kẽm |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 31 || Ga || Gallium || style="font-size:. | + | | 31 || Ga || Gallium || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Lat. Gallia,'France' || 1875 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| metal || p || 69.7 || Gallium || Galio || Gallium || Gallio || Галлий || 갈륨 || 镓 || 鎵 || Jiā || ガリウム || gariumu || galli |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 32 || Ge || Germanium || style="font-size:. | + | | 32 || Ge || Germanium || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Lat. Germania,'Germany' || 1886 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| metaloid || p || 72.6 || Germanium || Germanio || Germanium || Germanio || Германий || 게르마늄 (저마늄) || 锗 || 鍺 || Duǒ || ゲルマニウム || gerumaniumu || germani |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 33 || As || Arsenic || | + | | 33 || As || Arsenic || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Fr. arsenic > Gk. arsenikón 'yellow arsenic', ult. > Old Iranian *zarniya-ka,'golden' || Ø || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| metaloid || p || 74.9 || Arsen || Arsénico || Arsenic || Arsenico || Мышьяк || 비소 || 砷 || 砷 || Shēn || ヒ素 || hiso || asen |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 34 || Se || Selenium || style="font-size:. | + | | 34 || Se || Selenium || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Gk. selḗnē,'moon' || 1817 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| metaloid || p || 79 || Selen || Selenio || Sélénium || Selenio || Селен || 셀레늄 (셀렌) || 硒 || 硒 || Xī || セレン || seren || seleni |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 35 || Br || Bromine || style="font-size:. | + | | 35 || Br || Bromine || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Gk. brômos,'stench' || 1826 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| halogen || p || 79.9 || Brom || Bromo || Brome || Bromo || Бром || 브로민 (브롬) || 溴 || 溴 || Xiù || 臭素 || shuuso || brom |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 36 || Kr || Krypton || style="font-size:. | + | | 36 || Kr || Krypton || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Gk. kryptós,'hidden' || 1898 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| noble gas || p || 83.8 || Krypton || Kriptón || Krypton || Kripton || Криптон || 크립톤 || 氪 || 氪 || Kè || クリプトン || kuriputon || krypton |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 37 || Rb || Rubidium || style="font-size:. | + | | 37 || Rb || Rubidium || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Lat. rubidus,'deep red' || 1861 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| alkali metal || s || 85.5 || Rubidium || Rubidio || Rubidium || Rubidio || Рубидий || 루비듐 || 铷 || 銣 || Rú || ルビジウム || rubijiumu || rubidi |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 38 || Sr || Strontium || | + | | 38 || Sr || Strontium || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Strontian, a village in Scotland, where discovered || 1790 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| alkaline earth || s || 87.6 || Strontium || Estroncio || Strontium || Stronzio || Стронций || 스트논듐 (스트론튬) || 锶 || 鍶 || Sōng || ストロンチウム || sutoronchiumu || stronti |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 39 || Y || Yttrium || | + | | 39 || Y || Yttrium || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Ytterby, Sweden, where discovered; see also terbium, erbium, ytterbium || 1794 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| transition metal || d || 88.9 || Yttrium || Ytrio || Yttrium || Ittrio || Иттрий || 이트륨 || 钇 || 釔 || Yǐ || イットリウム || ittoriumu || ytri |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 40 || Zr || Zirconium || | + | | 40 || Zr || Zirconium || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Zircon, a mineral > Persian zargun,'gold-hued' || 1789 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| transition metal || d || 91.2 || Zirconium || Zirconio || Zirconium || Zirconio || Цирконий || 지르코늄 || 锆 || 鋯 || Gào || ジルコニウム || jirukoniumu || zirconi |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 41 || Nb || Niobium || | + | | 41 || Nb || Niobium || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Niobe, daughter of king Tantalus > Gk. myth.; see also tantalum || 1801 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| transition metal || d || 92.9 || Niob || Niobio || Niobium || Niobio || Ниобий || 나이오븀 (니오븀, 니오브) || 铌 || 鈮 || Nǐ || ニオブ || niobu || niobi |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 42 || Mo || Molybdenum || style="font-size:. | + | | 42 || Mo || Molybdenum || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Gk. molýbdaina,'piece of lead' > mólybdos,'lead', due to confusion with lead ore galena (PbS) || 1778 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| transition metal || d || 96 || Molybdän || Molibdeno || Molybdène || Molibdeno || Молибден || 몰리브덴 (몰리브덴넘) || 钼 || 鉬 || Mù || モリブデン || moribuden || molypden |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 43 || Tc || Technetium || style="font-size:. | + | | 43 || Tc || Technetium || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Gk. tekhnētós,'artificial' || 1937 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| transition metal || d || [97][a] || Technetium || Tecnecio || Technétium || Tecnezio || Технеций || 테크네튬 || 锝 || 鍀 || Dā || テクネチウム || tekunechiumu || tecneti |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 44 || Ru || Ruthenium || | + | | 44 || Ru || Ruthenium || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| New Lat. Ruthenia,'Russia' || 1844 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| transition metal || d || 101.1 || Ruthenium || Rutenio || Ruthénium || Rutenio || Рутений || 루테늄 || 钌 || 釕 || Liǎo || ルテニウム || ruteniumu || rutheni |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 45 || Rh || Rhodium || style="font-size:. | + | | 45 || Rh || Rhodium || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Gk. rhodóeis,'rose-coloured' > rhódon,'rose' || 1803 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| transition metal || d || 102.9 || Rhodium || Rodio || Rhodium || Rodio || Родий || 로듐 || 铑 || 銠 || Lǎo || ロジウム || rojiumu || rhodi |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 46 || Pd || Palladium || | + | | 46 || Pd || Palladium || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Pallas, an asteroid || 1803 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| transition metal || d || 106.4 || Palladium || Paladio || Palladium || Palladio || Палладий || 팔라듐 || 钯 || 鈀 || Bǎ || パラジウム || parajiumu || paladi |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 47 || Ag || Silver || | + | | 47 || Ag || Silver || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Eng.; Ag > Lat. argentum || Ø || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| transition metal || d || 107.9 || Silber (Argentum) || Plata || Argent || Argento || Серебро || 은 || 银 || 銀 || Yín || 銀 || gin || bạc |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 48 || Cd || Cadmium || | + | | 48 || Cd || Cadmium || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| New Lat. cadmia > King Kadmos || 1817 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| transition metal || d || 112.4 || Cadmium || Cadmio || Cadmium || Cadmio || Кадмий || 카드뮴 || 镉 || 鎘 || Lì || カドミウム || kadomiumu || cadmi |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 49 || In || Indium || style="font-size:. | + | | 49 || In || Indium || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Lat. indicum,'indigo', the blue colour found in its spectrum || 1863 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| metal || p || 114.8 || Indium || Indio || Indium || Indio || Индий || 인듐 || 铟 || 銦 || Yīn || インジウム || injiumu || indi |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 50 || Sn || Tin || | + | | 50 || Sn || Tin || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Eng.; Sn > Lat. stannum || Ø || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| metal || p || 118.7 || Zinn (Stannum) || Estaño || Étain || Stagno || Олово || 주석 || 锡 || 錫 || Xī || スズ || suzu || thiếc |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 51 || Sb || Antimony || style="font-size:. | + | | 51 || Sb || Antimony || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Lat. antimonium, of uncertain origin<ref>Antimony: perhaps > Gk. antí ('against') + mónos ('alone'), or Old Fr. anti-moine,'Monk's bane', or possibly Latinized Ar. ʾiṯmid,'antimony'</ref>; Sb > Lat. stibium 'stibnite' || Ø || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| metaloid || p || 121.8 || Antimon (Stibium) || Antimonio || Antimoine || Antimonio || Сурьма || 안티모니 (안티몬) || 锑 || 銻 || Tí || アンチモン / アンチモニー || anchimon, anchimonii || antimon (Stibi) |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 52 || Te || Tellurium || style="font-size:. | + | | 52 || Te || Tellurium || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Lat. tellus,'the ground, earth' || 1782 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| metaloid || p || 127.6 || Tellur || Telurio || Tellure || Tellurio || Теллур || 텔루륨 (텔루르) || 碲 || 碲 || Dì || テルル || teruru || telu |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 53 || I || Iodine || | + | | 53 || I || Iodine || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Fr. iode > Gk. ioeidḗs,'violet' || 1804 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| halogen || p || 126.9 || Iod || Yodo || Iode || Iodio || Иод || 아이오딘 (요오드) || 碘 || 碘 || Diǎn || ヨウ素 || youso || iod |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 54 || Xe || Xenon || style="font-size:. | + | | 54 || Xe || Xenon || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Gk. xénon, neuter form of xénos 'strange' || 1898 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| noble gas || p || 131.3 || Xenon || Xenón || Xénon || Xenon || Ксенон || 크세논 (제논) || 氙 || 氙 || Xiān || キセノン || kisenon || xenon |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 55 || Cs || Caesium || style="font-size:. | + | | 55 || Cs || Caesium || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Lat. caesius,'sky-blue' || 1860 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| alkali metal || s || 132.9 || Caesium || Cesio || Césium || Cesio || Цезий || 세슘 || 铯 || 銫 || Sè || セシウム || seshiumu || xêzi |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 56 || Ba || Barium || style="font-size:. | + | | 56 || Ba || Barium || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Gk. barýs,'heavy' || 1808 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| alkaline earth || s || 137.3 || Barium || Bario || Baryum || Bario || Барий || 바륨 || 钡 || 鋇 || Bèi || バリウム || bariumu || bari |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 57 || La || Lanthanum || style="font-size:. | + | | 57 || La || Lanthanum || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Gk. lanthánein,'to lie hidden' || 1839 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| transition metal || f || 138.9 || Lanthan || Lantano || Lanthane || Lantanio || Лантан || 란타넘 (란탄) || 镧 || 鑭 || Làn || ランタン || rantan || lanthan |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 58 || Ce || Cerium || | + | | 58 || Ce || Cerium || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Ceres, dwarf planet || 1803 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| lanthanoid || f || 140.1 || Cer || Cerio || Cérium || Cerio || Церий || 세륨 || 铈 || 鈰 || Shì || セリウム || seriumu || xeri |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 59 || Pr || Praseodymium || style="font-size:. | + | | 59 || Pr || Praseodymium || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Gk. prásios dídymos,'green twin' || 1885 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| lanthanoid || f || 140.9 || Praseodym || Praseodimio || Praséodyme || Praseodimio || Празеодим || 프라세오디뮴 || 镨 || 鐠 || Pǔ || プラセオジム || puraseojimu || praseođimi |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 60 || Nd || Neodymium || style="font-size:. | + | | 60 || Nd || Neodymium || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Gk. néos dídymos,'new twin' || 1925 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| lanthanoid || f || 144.2 || Neodym || Neodimio || Néodyme || Neodimio || Неодим || 네오디뮴 || 钕 || 釹 || Nǚ || ネオジム || neojimu || neođim |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 61 || Pm || Promethium || | + | | 61 || Pm || Promethium || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Prometheus, a figure in Gk. myth. || 1945 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| lanthanoid || f || [145] || Promethium || Prometio || Prométhium || Promezio || Прометий || 프로메튬 || 钷 || 鉕 || Pō || プロメチウム || puromechiumu || prometi |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 62 || Sm || Samarium || | + | | 62 || Sm || Samarium || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Samarskite, mineral named for Samarsky-Bykhovets, Ru. mine official || 1879 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| lanthanoid || f || 150.4 || Samarium || Samario || Samarium || Samario || Самарий || 사마륨 || 钐 || 釤 || Shàn || サマリウム || samariumu || samari |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 63 || Eu || Europium || | + | | 63 || Eu || Europium || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Europe || 1901 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| lanthanoid || f || 152 || Europium || Europio || Europium || Europio || Европий || 유로퓸 || 铕 || 銪 || Yǒu || ユウロピウム || yuuropiumu || europi |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 64 || Gd || Gadolinium || | + | | 64 || Gd || Gadolinium || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Gadolinite, mineral for Finnish chemist Johan Gadolin || 1880 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| lanthanoid || f || 157.3 || Gadolinium || Gadolinio || Gadolinium || Gadolinio || Гадолиний || 가돌리늄 || 钆 || 釓 || Qiú || ガドリニウム || gadoriniumu || gadolini |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 65 || Tb || Terbium || | + | | 65 || Tb || Terbium || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Ytterby, Sweden, where discovered; see also yttrium, erbium, ytterbium || 1843 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| lanthanoid || f || 158.9 || Terbium || Terbio || Terbium || Terbio || Тербий || 테르븀 (터븀) || 铽 || 鋱 || Tè || テルビウム || terubiumu || terbi |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 66 || Dy || Dysprosium || style="font-size:. | + | | 66 || Dy || Dysprosium || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Gk. dysprósitos,'hard to get' || 1886 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| lanthanoid || f || 162.5 || Dysprosium || Disprosio || Dysprosium || Disprosio || Диспрозий || 디스프로슘 || 镝 || 鏑 || Dí || ジスプロシウム || jisupuroshiumu || dysprosi |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 67 || Ho || Holmium || | + | | 67 || Ho || Holmium || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| New Lat. Holmia,'Stockholm' || 1878 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| lanthanoid || f || 164.9 || Holmium || Holmio || Holmium || Olmio || Гольмий || 홀뮴 || 钬 || 鈥 || Huǒ || ホルミウム || horumiumu || holmi |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 68 || Er || Erbium || | + | | 68 || Er || Erbium || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Ytterby, Sweden, where discovered; see also yttrium, terbium, ytterbium || 1843 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| lanthanoid || f || 167.3 || Erbium || Erbio || Erbium || Erbio || Эрбий || 에르븀 (어븀) || 铒 || 鉺 || Èr || エルビウム || erubiumu || erbi |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 69 || Tm || Thulium || | + | | 69 || Tm || Thulium || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Thule, the ancient name for an unclear northern location || 1879 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| lanthanoid || f || 168.9 || Thulium || Tulio || Thulium || Tulio || Тулий || 툴륨 || 铥 || 銩 || Diū || ツリウム || tsuriumu || tuli |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 70 || Yb || Ytterbium || | + | | 70 || Yb || Ytterbium || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Ytterby, Sweden, where discovered; see also yttrium, terbium, erbium || 1878 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| lanthanoid || f || 173.1 || Ytterbium || Yterbio || Ytterbium || Itterbio || Иттербий || 이테르븀 (이터븀) || 镱 || 鐿 || Yì || イッテルビウム || itterubiumu || ytterbi |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 71 || Lu || Lutetium || style="font-size:. | + | | 71 || Lu || Lutetium || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Lat. Lutetia,'Paris' || 1907 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| lanthanoid || d || 175 || Lutetium || Lutecio || Lutécium || Lutezio || Лютеций || 루테튬 || 镥 || 鑥 || Lǔ || ルテチウム || rutechiumu || luteti |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 72 || Hf || Hafnium || | + | | 72 || Hf || Hafnium || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| New Lat. Hafnia,'Copenhagen' > Danish havn, harbour || 1923 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| transition metal || d || 178.5 || Hafnium || Hafnio || Hafnium || Afnio || Гафний || 하프늄 || 铪 || 鉿 || Jiā || ハフニウム || hafuniumu || hafni |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 73 || Ta || Tantalum || | + | | 73 || Ta || Tantalum || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| King Tantalus, father of Niobe > Gk. myth.; see also niobium || 1802 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| transition metal || d || 181 || Tantal || Tantalio || Tantale || Tantalio || Тантал || 탄탈럼 (탄탈) || 钽 || 鉭 || Tǎn || タンタル || tantaru || tantan |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 74 || W || Tungsten || | + | | 74 || W || Tungsten || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Swedish tung sten,'heavy stone'; W > Wolfram, orig. Mid. H. Ger. wolf-rahm 'wolf's foam' describing the mineral wolframite || 1783 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| transition metal || d || 183.8 || Wolfram || Wolframio || Tungstène || Tungsteno || Вольфрам || 텅스텐 || 钨 || 鎢 || Wū || タングステン || tangusuten || wolfram |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 75 || Re || Rhenium || style="font-size:. | + | | 75 || Re || Rhenium || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Lat. Rhenus,'the Rhine' || 1925 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| transition metal || d || 186.2 || Rhenium || Renio || Rhénium || Renio || Рений || 레늄 || 铼 || 錸 || Lái || レニウム || reniumu || rheni |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 76 || Os || Osmium || style="font-size:. | + | | 76 || Os || Osmium || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Gk. osmḗ,'smell' || 1804 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| transition metal || d || 190.2 || Osmium || Osmio || Osmium || Osmio || Осмий || 오스뮴 || 锇 || 鋨 || Tiě || オスミウム || osumiumu || osmi |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 77 || Ir || Iridium || | + | | 77 || Ir || Iridium || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Iris, Gk. goddess of the rainbow || 1804 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| transition metal || d || 192.2 || Iridium || Iridio || Iridium || Iridio || Иридий || 이리듐 || 铱 || 銥 || Yī || イリジウム || irijiumu || iridi |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 78 || Pt || Platinum || | + | | 78 || Pt || Platinum || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Spanish platina,'little silver' > plata 'silver' || 1735 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| transition metal || d || 195.1 || Platin || Platino || Platine || Platino || Платина || 백금 || 铂 || 鉑 || Bó || 白金 || hakkin || bạch kim |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 79 || Au || Gold || | + | | 79 || Au || Gold || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Eng.; Au > Lat. aurum || Ø || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| transition metal || d || 197 || Gold (Aurum) || Oro || Or || Oro || Золото || 금 || 金 || 金 || Jīn || 金 || kin || vàng |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 80 || Hg || Mercury || | + | | 80 || Hg || Mercury || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Mercury, Roman god of commerce & communication, known for speed and mobility; Hg > Lat. hydrargyrum > Gk. hydrárgyros,'water-silver' || Ø || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| transition metal || d || 200.6 || Quecksilber (Hydrargyrum) || Mercurio || Mercure || Mercurio || Ртуть || 수은 || 汞 || 汞 || Gǒng || 水銀 || suigin || thủy ngân |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 81 || Tl || Thallium || style="font-size:. | + | | 81 || Tl || Thallium || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Gk. thallós,'green shoot or twig' || 1861 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| metal || p || 204.4 || Thallium || Talio || Thallium || Tallio || Таллий || 탈륨 || 铊 || 鉈 || Shī || タリウム || tariumu || tali |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 82 || Pb || Lead || | + | | 82 || Pb || Lead || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Eng.; Pb > Lat. plumbum || Ø || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| metal || p || 207.2 || Blei (Plumbum) || Plomo || Plomb || Piombo || Свинец || 납 || 铅 || 鉛 || Qiān || 鉛 || namari || chì |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 83 || Bi || Bismuth || | + | | 83 || Bi || Bismuth || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Ger. Wismut > weiß Masse 'white mass', or > Ar. || Ø || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| metal || p || 209 || Bismut (also Wismut) || Bismuto || Bismuth || Bismuto || Висмут || 비스무트 || 铋 || 鉍 || Bì || ビスマス || bisumusu || bismuth |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 84 || Po || Polonium || style="font-size:. | + | | 84 || Po || Polonium || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Lat. Polonia,'Poland', country of Marie Curie || 1898 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| metal || p || [209][a] || Polonium || Polonio || Polonium || Polonio || Полоний || 폴로늄 || 钋 || 釙 || Pò || ポロニウム || poroniumu || poloni |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 85 || At || Astatine || style="font-size:. | + | | 85 || At || Astatine || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Gk. ástatos,'unstable' || 1940 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| halogen || p || [210] || Astat || Astato || Astate || Astato || Астат || 아스타틴 || 砹 || 砹 || Ài || アスタチン || asutachin || astatin |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 86 || Rn || Radon || | + | | 86 || Rn || Radon || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Radium emanation, orig., name of isotope Radon-222 || 1898 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| noble gas || p || [222] || Radon || Radón || Radon || Radon || Радон || 라돈 || 氡 || 氡 || Dōng || ラドン || radon || radon |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 87 || Fr || Francium || | + | | 87 || Fr || Francium || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| France, country of discoverer Marguerite Perey || 1939 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| alkali metal || s || [223] || Francium || Francio || Francium || Francio || Франций || 프랑슘 || 钫 || 鈁 || Fāng || フランシウム || furanshiumu || franci |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 88 || Ra || Radium || | + | | 88 || Ra || Radium || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Fr. radium > Lat. radius,'ray' || 1898 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| alkaline earth || s || [226] || Radium || Radio || Radium || Radio || Радий || 라듐 || 镭 || 鐳 || Léi || ラジウム || rajiumu || radi |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 89 || Ac || Actinium || style="font-size:. | + | | 89 || Ac || Actinium || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Gk. aktís,'ray' || 1899 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| actinoid || f || [227] || Actinium || Actinio || Actinium || Attinio || Актиний || 악티늄 || 锕 || 錒 || Kē || アクチニウム || akuchiniumu || actini |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 90 || Th || Thorium || | + | | 90 || Th || Thorium || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Thor, Scandinavian god of thunder || 1828 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| actinoid || f || 232 || Thorium || Torio || Thorium || Torio || Торий || 토륨 || 钍 || 釷 || Tǔ || トリウム || toriumu || thori |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 91 || Pa || Protactinium || | + | | 91 || Pa || Protactinium || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| > Gk. prôtos,'first, before' + actinium, as Ac is produced by radioactive decay of Pa || 1917 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| actinoid || f || 231 || Protactinium || Protactinio || Protactinium || Protoattinio || Протактиний || 프로트악티늄 (프로탁티늄) || 镤 || 鏷 || Pú || プロトアクチニウム || purotoakuchiniumu || protactini |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 92 || U || Uranium || | + | | 92 || U || Uranium || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Uranus, the seventh planet || 1789 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| actinoid || f || 238 || Uran || Uranio || Uranium || Uranio || Уран || 우라늄 || 铀 || 鈾 || Yóu || ウラン || uran || urani |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 93 || Np || Neptunium || | + | | 93 || Np || Neptunium || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Neptune, the eighth planet || 1940 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| actinoid || f || [237] || Neptunium || Neptunio || Neptunium || Nettunio || Нептуний || 넵투늄 || 镎 || 鎿 || Nài || ネプツニウム || neputsuniumu || neptuni |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 94 || Pu || Plutonium || | + | | 94 || Pu || Plutonium || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Pluto, a dwarf planet || 1940 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| actinoid || f || [244] || Plutonium || Plutonio || Plutonium || Plutonio || Плутоний || 플루토늄 || 钚 || 鈈 || Bū || プルトニウム || purutoniumu || plutoni |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 95 || Am || Americium || | + | | 95 || Am || Americium || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| The Americas, where first synthesised, by analogy with its homologue europium || 1945 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| actinoid || f || [243] || Americium || Americio || Américium || Americio || Америций || 아메리슘 || 镅 || 鎇 || Mǐ || アメリシウム || amerishiumu || americi |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 96 || Cm || Curium || | + | | 96 || Cm || Curium || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Pierre Curie and Marie Curie, Fr. physicists and chemists || 1944 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| actinoid || f || [247] || Curium || Curio || Curium || Curio || Кюрий || 퀴륨 || 锔 || 鋦 || Jū || キュリウム || kyuriumu || curi |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 97 || Bk || Berkelium || | + | | 97 || Bk || Berkelium || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Berkeley, California, where first synthesized || 1949 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| actinoid || f || [247] || Berkelium || Berkelio || Berkélium || Berkelio || Берклий || 버클륨 || 锫 || 錇 || Péi || バークリウム || bākuriumu || berkeli |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 98 || Cf || Californium || | + | | 98 || Cf || Californium || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| California, where first synthesised at LBNL laboratory || 1950 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| actinoid || f || [251] || Californium || Californio || Californium || Californio || Калифорний || 칼리포르늄 (칼리포늄) || 锎 || 鐦 || Kǎ || カリホルニウム || karihoruniumu || californi |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 99 || Es || Einsteinium || | + | | 99 || Es || Einsteinium || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Albert Einstein, Ger. physicist || 1952 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| actinoid || f || [252] || Einsteinium || Einsteinio || Einsteinium || Einsteinio || Эйнштейний || 아인시타이늄 (아인슈타이늄) || 锿 || 鎄 || Ài || アインスタイニウム || ainsutainiumu || einsteini |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 100 || Fm || Fermium || | + | | 100 || Fm || Fermium || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Enrico Fermi, Italian physicist || 1953 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| actinoid || f || [257] || Fermium || Fermio || Fermium || Fermio || Фермий || 페르뮴 || 镄 || 鐨 || Fèi || フェルミウム || ferumiumu || fermi |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 101 || Md || Mendelevium || | + | | 101 || Md || Mendelevium || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Dmitri Mendeleev, Ru. chemist who proposed periodic table || 1955 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| actinoid || f || [258] || Mendelevium || Mendelevio || Mendélévium || Mendelevio || Менделевий || 멘델레븀 || 钔 || 鍆 || Mén || メンデレビウム || menderebiumu || mendelevi |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 102 || No || Nobelium || | + | | 102 || No || Nobelium || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Alfred Nobel, Swedish chemist and engineer || 1957 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| actinoid || f || [259] || Nobelium || Nobelio || Nobélium || Nobelio || Нобелий || 노벨륨 || 锘 || 鍩 || Tiǎn || ノーベリウム || nōberiumu || nobeli |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 103 || Lr || Lawrencium || | + | | 103 || Lr || Lawrencium || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Ernest Lawrence, Am. physicist || 1961 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| actinoid || d || [266] || Lawrencium || Laurencio || Lawrencium || Laurenzio || Лоуренсий || 로렌슘 || 铹 || 鐒 || Láo || ローレンシウム || rōrenshiumu || lawrenci |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 104 || Rf || Rutherfordium || | + | | 104 || Rf || Rutherfordium || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Ernest Rutherford, New Zealnd chemist & physicist || 1970 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| transition metal || d || [267] || Rutherfordium || Rutherfordio || Rutherfordium || Rutherfordio || Резерфордий || 러더포듐 || 𬬻 || 鑪 || Lú || ラザホージウム || razahōjiumu || rutherfordi |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 105 || Db || Dubnium || | + | | 105 || Db || Dubnium || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Dubna, Russia, where synthesized at JINR laboratory || 1974 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| transition metal || d || [268] || Dubnium || Dubnio || Dubnium || Dubnio || Дубний || 더브늄 || 𬭊 || 𨧀 || Dù || ドブニウム || dobuniumu || dubni |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 106 || Sg || Seaborgium || | + | | 106 || Sg || Seaborgium || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Glenn T. Seaborg, Am. chemist || 1976 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| transition metal || d || [269] || Seaborgium || Seaborgio || Seaborgium || Seaborgio || Сиборгий || 새보쥼 || 𬭳 || 𨭎 || Xǐ || シーボーギウム || shībōgiumu || seaborgi |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 107 || Bh || Bohrium || | + | | 107 || Bh || Bohrium || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Niels Bohr, Danish physicist || 1984 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| transition metal || d || [270] || Bohrium || Bohrio || Bohrium || Bohrio || Борий || 보륨 || 𬭛 || 𨨏 || Bō || ボーリウム || bōriumu || bohri |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 108 || Hs || Hassium || | + | | 108 || Hs || Hassium || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| New Lat. Hassia, 'Hesse', Ger. province || 1982 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| transition metal || d || [269] || Hassium || Hassio || Hassium || Hassio || Хассий || 하슘 || 𬭶 || 𨭆 || Hēi || ハッシウム || hasshiumu || hassi |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 109 || Mt || Meitnerium || | + | | 109 || Mt || Meitnerium || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Lise Meitner, Austrian physicist || 1987 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| synthetic || d || [278] || Meitnerium || Meitnerio || Meitnérium || Meitnerio || Мейтнерий || 마이트너륨 || 鿏 || 䥑 || Mài || マイトネリウム || maitoneriumu || meitneri |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 110 || Ds || Darmstadtium || | + | | 110 || Ds || Darmstadtium || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Darmstadt, Germany, where first synthesised at GSI laboratories || 1994 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| synthetic || d || [281] || Darmstadtium || Darmstadtio || Darmstadtium || Darmstadtio || Дармштадтий || 다름슈타튬 || 𫟼 || 鐽 || Dá || ダームスタチウム || dāmusutachiumu || darmstadti |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 111 || Rg || Roentgenium || | + | | 111 || Rg || Roentgenium || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen, Ger. physicist || 1996 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| synthetic || d || [282] || Roentgenium || Roentgenio || Roentgenium || Roentgenio || Рентгений || 뢴트게늄 || 𬬭 || 錀 || Lún || レントゲニウム || rentogeniumu || roentgeni |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 112 || Cn || Copernicium || | + | | 112 || Cn || Copernicium || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Nicolaus Copernicus, Polish astronomer || 1996 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| synthetic || d || [285] || Copernicium || Copernicio || Copernicium || Copernicio || Коперниций || 코페르니슘 || 鿔 || 鎶 || Gē || コペルニシウム || koperunishiumu || . |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 113 || Nh || Nihonium || | + | | 113 || Nh || Nihonium || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Jp. Nihon,'Japan', where first synthesised at Riken laboratories || 2004 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| synthetic || p || [286] || Nihonium || Nihonio || Nihonium || Nihonio || Нихоний || 니호늄 || 鉨 || 鉨 || Nǐ || ニホニウム || nihoniumu || . |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 114 || Fl || Flerovium || | + | | 114 || Fl || Flerovium || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions, part of JINR, where first synthesised; itself named for Georgy Flyorov, Ru. physicist || 1998 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| synthetic || p || [289] || Flerovium || Flerovio || Flérovium || Flerovio || Флеровий || 플레로븀 || 𫓧 || 鈇 || Fū || フレロビウム || furerobiumu || . |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 115 || Mc || Moscovium || | + | | 115 || Mc || Moscovium || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Moscow, Russia, where first synthesised at JINR laboratories || 2003 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| synthetic || p || [290] || Moscovium || Moscovio || Moscovium || Moscovio || Московий || 모스코비움 || 镆 || 鏌 || Mò || モスコビウム || mosukobiumu || . |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 116 || Lv || Livermorium || | + | | 116 || Lv || Livermorium || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in Livermore, California || 2000 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| synthetic || p || [293] || Livermorium || Livermorio || Livermorium || Livermorio || Ливерморий || 리버모륨 || 𫟷 || 鉝 || Lì || リバモリウム || ribamoriumu || . |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 117 || Ts || Tennessine || | + | | 117 || Ts || Tennessine || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Tennessee, United States, location of Oak Ridge National Laboratory || 2009 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| synthetic || p || [294] || Tenness || Teneso || Tennesse || Tennesso || Теннессин || 테네신 || (石)田 || (石)田 || (Shí) tián || テネシン || teneshin || . |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 118 || Og || Oganesson || | + | | 118 || Og || Oganesson || style="font-size:.79em; line-height:12px;padding-top:4px;"| Yuri Oganessian, Ru. physicist || 2002 || style="font-size:.85em; line-height:12px;"| synthetic || p || [294] || Oganesson || Oganesón || Oganesson || Oganesson || Оганесон || 우누녹튬 || (气)奧 || (气)奧 || (Qì) ào || オガネソン || oganeson || . |
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Revision as of 06:44, 23 January 2022
The following is a list of the 118 chemical elements of the periodic table[1], with English names, brief etymologies, and equivalents in other languages. This chart includes the following information and languages:
- etymology (Eng. = old English word; Am. = American; Ar. = Arabic; Gk. = Greek; Ger. = German; Fr. = French; Jp. = Japanese; Lat. = Latin; Ru. = Russian)
- atomic weight
- its element's block on the periodic table (based on electron shell configurations)
- general grouping or classificatio
- year of discovery (Ø = knonw since ancient times)
- European languages: German, French, Italian, Russian
- Korean
- simplified and traditional Chinese characters (簡体字 jiantizi, simplified characters, and 繁体字 fantizi, complex or traditional characters), and Chinese pinyin romanization
- Japanese names (most of which are in kana), and the Japanese pronuniciation via romanization
- Vietnamese (other Southeast Asian languages were unavailable for the entire periodic chart)
| # | sym | name | etymology | disc. | group | bl. | wt. | German | Spanish | French | Italian | Russian | Korean | 簡 | 繁 | pinyin | Japanese | Jp pron. | Viet. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | H | Hydrogen | Gk. hydro-+-gen,'water-forming' | 1766 | non-metal | s | 1 | (Hydrogenium) | Hidrógeno | Hydrogène | Idrogeno | Водород | 수소 | 氢 | 氫 | Qīng | 水素 | suiso | hydro |
| 2 | He | Helium | Gk. hḗlios,'sun' | 1895 | noble gas | s | 4 | Helium | Helio | Hélium | Elio | Гелий | 헬륨 | 氦 | 氦 | Hài | ヘリウム | heriumu | heli |
| 3 | Li | Lithium | Gk. líthos,'stone' | 1817 | alkali metal | s | 6.9 | Lithium | Litio | Lithium | Litio | Литий | 리튬 | 锂 | 鋰 | Lǐ | リチウム | riteumu | lithi |
| 4 | Be | Beryllium | Beryl, a mineral (> Belur, India) | 1798 | alkaline earth | s | 9 | Beryllium | Berilio | Béryllium | Berillio | Бериллий | 베릴륨 | 铍 | 鈹 | Pī | ベリリウム | beririumu | beryli |
| 5 | B | Boron | Borax, a mineral (> Ar bawraq) | 1808 | metaloid | p | 10.8 | Bor | Boro | Bore | Boro | Бор | 붕소 | 硼 | 硼 | Péng | ホウ素 | houso | bo |
| 6 | C | Carbon | Lat. carbo,'coal' | Ø | non-metal | p | 12 | Kohlenstoff (Carbonium) | Carbono | Carbone | Carbonio | Углерод | 탄소 | 碳 | 碳 | Tàn | 炭素 | tanso | cacbon |
| 7 | N | Nitrogen | Gk. nítron + -gen,'niter-forming' | 1772 | non-metal | p | 14 | Stickstoff (Nitrogenium) | Nitrógeno | Azote | Azoto | Азот | 질소 | 氮 | 氮 | Dàn | 窒素 | chisso | nitơ |
| 8 | O | Oxygen | Gk. oxy-+-gen,'acid-forming' | 1774 | non-metal | p | 16 | Sauerstoff (Oxygenium) | Oxígeno | Oxygène | Ossigeno | Кислород | 산소 | 氧 | 氧 | Yǎng | 酸素 | sanso | oxy |
| 9 | F | Fluorine | Lat. fluere,'to flow' | 1886 | halogen | p | 19 | Fluor | Flúor | Fluor | Fluoro | Фтор | 플루오린 | 氟 | 氟 | Fú | フッ素 | fusso | fluor |
| 10 | Ne | Neon | Gk. néon,'new' | 1898 | noble gas | p | 20.2 | Neon | Neón | Néon | Neon | Неон | 네온 | 氖 | 氖 | Nǎi | ネオン | neon | neon |
| 11 | Na | Sodium | Eng. > Lat. soda; Na > New Lat. natrium> Ger. Natron,'natron' | 1807 | alkali metal | s | 23 | Natrium | Sodio | Sodium | Sodio | Натрий | 나트륨 (소듐) | 钠 | 鈉 | Nà | ナトリウム | natoriumu | natri |
| 12 | Mg | Magnesium | Magnesia, district of Eastern Thessaly, Greece | 1808 | alkaline earth | s | 24.3 | Magnesium | Magnesio | Magnésium | Magnesio | Магний | 마그네슘 | 镁 | 鎂 | Měi | マグネシウム | maguneshiumu | magiê |
| 13 | Al | Aluminum | Alumina > Lat. alumen (gen. aluminis),'bitter salt, alum' | 1825 | metal | p | 27 | Aluminium | Aluminio | Aluminium | Alluminio | Алюминий | 알루미늄 | 铝 | 鋁 | Lǚ | アルミニウム | aruminiumu | nhôm |
| 14 | Si | Silicon | Lat. silex,'flint' (orig. silicium) | 1823 | metaloid | p | 28.1 | Silicium | Silicio | Silicium | Silicio | Кремний | 규소 | 硅 | 硅 | Guī | ケイ素 | keiso | silic |
| 15 | P | Phosphorus | Gk. phōsphóros,'light-bearing' | 1669 | non-metal | p | 31 | Phosphor | Fósforo | Phosphore | Fosforo | Фосфор | 인 | 磷 | 磷 | Lín | リン | rin | phosphor |
| 16 | S | Sulfur | Lat. sulphur,'brimstone' | Ø | non-metal | p | 32.1 | Schwefel (Sulphur) | Azufre | Soufre | Zolfo | Сера | 황 | 硫 | 硫 | Liú | 硫黄 | iou | lưu huỳnh |
| 17 | Cl | Chlorine | Gk. chlōrós,'greenish yellow' | 1774 | halogen | p | 35.5 | Chlor | Cloro | Chlore | Cloro | Хлор | 염소 | 氯 | 氯 | Lǜ | 塩素 | enso | clo |
| 18 | Ar | Argon | Gk. argós,'idle' (due to its inertness) | 1894 | noble gas | p | 40 | Argon | Argón | Argon | Argon | Аргон | 아르곤 | 氩 | 氬 | Yà | アルゴン | arugon | agon |
| 19 | K | Potassium | New Lat. potassa,'potash'> pot + ash; K > Lat. kalium | 1807 | alkali metal | s | 39.1 | Kalium | Potasio | Potassium | Potassio | Калий | 칼륨 (포타슘) | 钾 | 鉀 | Jiǎ | カリウム | kariumu | kali |
| 20 | Ca | Calcium | Lat. calx,'lime' | 1808 | alkaline earth | s | 40.1 | Calcium | Calcio | Calcium | Calcio | Кальций | 칼슘 | 钙 | 鈣 | Gài | カルシウム | karushiumu | calci |
| 21 | Sc | Scandium | Lat. Scandia,'Scandinavia' | 1879 | transition metal | d | 45 | Scandium | Escandio | Scandium | Scandio | Скандий | 스칸듐 | 钪 | 鈧 | Kàng | スカンジウム | sukanjiumu | scandi |
| 22 | Ti | Titanium | Titans, sons of Earth goddess in Gk. myth. | 1791 | transition metal | d | 47.9 | Titan | Titanio | Titane | Titanio | Титан | 타이타늄 (타타늄, 타탄) | 钛 | 鈦 | Tài | チタン | chitan | titan |
| 23 | V | Vanadium | Vanadis, an Old Norse name for Scandinavian goddess Freyja | 1830 | transition metal | d | 50.9 | Vanadium | Vanadio | Vanadium | Vanadio | Ванадий | 바나듐 | 钒 | 釩 | Fǎn | バナジウム | banajiumu | vanadi |
| 24 | Cr | Chromium | Gk. chróma,'colour' | 1797 | transition metal | d | 52 | Chrom | Cromo | Chrome | Cromo | Хром | 크로뮴 (크롬) | 铬 | 鉻 | Luò | クロム | kuromu | crom |
| 25 | Mn | Manganese | Corrupted fr. magnesia negra; see magnesium | 1774 | transition metal | d | 54.9 | Mangan | Manganeso | Manganèse | Manganese | Марганец | 망가니즈 (망간) | 锰 | 錳 | Měng | マンガン | mangan | mangan |
| 26 | Fe | Iron | Eng.; Fe > Lat. ferrum | Ø | transition metal | d | 55.8 | Eisen (Ferrum) | Hierro | Fer | Ferro | Железо | 철 | 铁 | 鐵 | Tiě | 鉄 | tetsu | sắt |
| 27 | Co | Cobalt | Ger. Kobold,'goblin' | 1737 | transition metal | d | 58.9 | Cobalt | Cobalto | Cobalt | Cobalto | Кобальт | 코발트 | 钴 | 鈷 | Gǔ | コバルト | kobaruto | coban |
| 28 | Ni | Nickel | Nickel, a mischievous sprite of Ger. miner myth. | 1751 | transition metal | d | 58.7 | Nickel | Níquel | Nickel | Nichel | Никель | 니켈 | 镍 | 鎳 | Niè | ニッケル | nikkeru | niken |
| 29 | Cu | Copper | Eng.> Lat. cuprum > Ancient Gk. Kýpros 'Cyprus' | Ø | transition metal | d | 63.5 | Kupfer (Cuprum) | Cobre | Cuivre | Rame | Медь | 구리 | 铜 | 銅 | Tóng | 銅 | dou | đồng |
| 30 | Zn | Zinc | Most likely > Ger. Zinke,'prong' or'tooth', or Persian sang, 'stone' | 1746 | transition metal | d | 65.4 | Zink | Zinc | Zinc | Zinco | Цинк | 아연 | 锌 | 鋅 | Xīn | 亜鉛 | aen | kẽm |
| 31 | Ga | Gallium | Lat. Gallia,'France' | 1875 | metal | p | 69.7 | Gallium | Galio | Gallium | Gallio | Галлий | 갈륨 | 镓 | 鎵 | Jiā | ガリウム | gariumu | galli |
| 32 | Ge | Germanium | Lat. Germania,'Germany' | 1886 | metaloid | p | 72.6 | Germanium | Germanio | Germanium | Germanio | Германий | 게르마늄 (저마늄) | 锗 | 鍺 | Duǒ | ゲルマニウム | gerumaniumu | germani |
| 33 | As | Arsenic | Fr. arsenic > Gk. arsenikón 'yellow arsenic', ult. > Old Iranian *zarniya-ka,'golden' | Ø | metaloid | p | 74.9 | Arsen | Arsénico | Arsenic | Arsenico | Мышьяк | 비소 | 砷 | 砷 | Shēn | ヒ素 | hiso | asen |
| 34 | Se | Selenium | Gk. selḗnē,'moon' | 1817 | metaloid | p | 79 | Selen | Selenio | Sélénium | Selenio | Селен | 셀레늄 (셀렌) | 硒 | 硒 | Xī | セレン | seren | seleni |
| 35 | Br | Bromine | Gk. brômos,'stench' | 1826 | halogen | p | 79.9 | Brom | Bromo | Brome | Bromo | Бром | 브로민 (브롬) | 溴 | 溴 | Xiù | 臭素 | shuuso | brom |
| 36 | Kr | Krypton | Gk. kryptós,'hidden' | 1898 | noble gas | p | 83.8 | Krypton | Kriptón | Krypton | Kripton | Криптон | 크립톤 | 氪 | 氪 | Kè | クリプトン | kuriputon | krypton |
| 37 | Rb | Rubidium | Lat. rubidus,'deep red' | 1861 | alkali metal | s | 85.5 | Rubidium | Rubidio | Rubidium | Rubidio | Рубидий | 루비듐 | 铷 | 銣 | Rú | ルビジウム | rubijiumu | rubidi |
| 38 | Sr | Strontium | Strontian, a village in Scotland, where discovered | 1790 | alkaline earth | s | 87.6 | Strontium | Estroncio | Strontium | Stronzio | Стронций | 스트논듐 (스트론튬) | 锶 | 鍶 | Sōng | ストロンチウム | sutoronchiumu | stronti |
| 39 | Y | Yttrium | Ytterby, Sweden, where discovered; see also terbium, erbium, ytterbium | 1794 | transition metal | d | 88.9 | Yttrium | Ytrio | Yttrium | Ittrio | Иттрий | 이트륨 | 钇 | 釔 | Yǐ | イットリウム | ittoriumu | ytri |
| 40 | Zr | Zirconium | Zircon, a mineral > Persian zargun,'gold-hued' | 1789 | transition metal | d | 91.2 | Zirconium | Zirconio | Zirconium | Zirconio | Цирконий | 지르코늄 | 锆 | 鋯 | Gào | ジルコニウム | jirukoniumu | zirconi |
| 41 | Nb | Niobium | Niobe, daughter of king Tantalus > Gk. myth.; see also tantalum | 1801 | transition metal | d | 92.9 | Niob | Niobio | Niobium | Niobio | Ниобий | 나이오븀 (니오븀, 니오브) | 铌 | 鈮 | Nǐ | ニオブ | niobu | niobi |
| 42 | Mo | Molybdenum | Gk. molýbdaina,'piece of lead' > mólybdos,'lead', due to confusion with lead ore galena (PbS) | 1778 | transition metal | d | 96 | Molybdän | Molibdeno | Molybdène | Molibdeno | Молибден | 몰리브덴 (몰리브덴넘) | 钼 | 鉬 | Mù | モリブデン | moribuden | molypden |
| 43 | Tc | Technetium | Gk. tekhnētós,'artificial' | 1937 | transition metal | d | [97][a] | Technetium | Tecnecio | Technétium | Tecnezio | Технеций | 테크네튬 | 锝 | 鍀 | Dā | テクネチウム | tekunechiumu | tecneti |
| 44 | Ru | Ruthenium | New Lat. Ruthenia,'Russia' | 1844 | transition metal | d | 101.1 | Ruthenium | Rutenio | Ruthénium | Rutenio | Рутений | 루테늄 | 钌 | 釕 | Liǎo | ルテニウム | ruteniumu | rutheni |
| 45 | Rh | Rhodium | Gk. rhodóeis,'rose-coloured' > rhódon,'rose' | 1803 | transition metal | d | 102.9 | Rhodium | Rodio | Rhodium | Rodio | Родий | 로듐 | 铑 | 銠 | Lǎo | ロジウム | rojiumu | rhodi |
| 46 | Pd | Palladium | Pallas, an asteroid | 1803 | transition metal | d | 106.4 | Palladium | Paladio | Palladium | Palladio | Палладий | 팔라듐 | 钯 | 鈀 | Bǎ | パラジウム | parajiumu | paladi |
| 47 | Ag | Silver | Eng.; Ag > Lat. argentum | Ø | transition metal | d | 107.9 | Silber (Argentum) | Plata | Argent | Argento | Серебро | 은 | 银 | 銀 | Yín | 銀 | gin | bạc |
| 48 | Cd | Cadmium | New Lat. cadmia > King Kadmos | 1817 | transition metal | d | 112.4 | Cadmium | Cadmio | Cadmium | Cadmio | Кадмий | 카드뮴 | 镉 | 鎘 | Lì | カドミウム | kadomiumu | cadmi |
| 49 | In | Indium | Lat. indicum,'indigo', the blue colour found in its spectrum | 1863 | metal | p | 114.8 | Indium | Indio | Indium | Indio | Индий | 인듐 | 铟 | 銦 | Yīn | インジウム | injiumu | indi |
| 50 | Sn | Tin | Eng.; Sn > Lat. stannum | Ø | metal | p | 118.7 | Zinn (Stannum) | Estaño | Étain | Stagno | Олово | 주석 | 锡 | 錫 | Xī | スズ | suzu | thiếc |
| 51 | Sb | Antimony | Lat. antimonium, of uncertain origin[2]; Sb > Lat. stibium 'stibnite' | Ø | metaloid | p | 121.8 | Antimon (Stibium) | Antimonio | Antimoine | Antimonio | Сурьма | 안티모니 (안티몬) | 锑 | 銻 | Tí | アンチモン / アンチモニー | anchimon, anchimonii | antimon (Stibi) |
| 52 | Te | Tellurium | Lat. tellus,'the ground, earth' | 1782 | metaloid | p | 127.6 | Tellur | Telurio | Tellure | Tellurio | Теллур | 텔루륨 (텔루르) | 碲 | 碲 | Dì | テルル | teruru | telu |
| 53 | I | Iodine | Fr. iode > Gk. ioeidḗs,'violet' | 1804 | halogen | p | 126.9 | Iod | Yodo | Iode | Iodio | Иод | 아이오딘 (요오드) | 碘 | 碘 | Diǎn | ヨウ素 | youso | iod |
| 54 | Xe | Xenon | Gk. xénon, neuter form of xénos 'strange' | 1898 | noble gas | p | 131.3 | Xenon | Xenón | Xénon | Xenon | Ксенон | 크세논 (제논) | 氙 | 氙 | Xiān | キセノン | kisenon | xenon |
| 55 | Cs | Caesium | Lat. caesius,'sky-blue' | 1860 | alkali metal | s | 132.9 | Caesium | Cesio | Césium | Cesio | Цезий | 세슘 | 铯 | 銫 | Sè | セシウム | seshiumu | xêzi |
| 56 | Ba | Barium | Gk. barýs,'heavy' | 1808 | alkaline earth | s | 137.3 | Barium | Bario | Baryum | Bario | Барий | 바륨 | 钡 | 鋇 | Bèi | バリウム | bariumu | bari |
| 57 | La | Lanthanum | Gk. lanthánein,'to lie hidden' | 1839 | transition metal | f | 138.9 | Lanthan | Lantano | Lanthane | Lantanio | Лантан | 란타넘 (란탄) | 镧 | 鑭 | Làn | ランタン | rantan | lanthan |
| 58 | Ce | Cerium | Ceres, dwarf planet | 1803 | lanthanoid | f | 140.1 | Cer | Cerio | Cérium | Cerio | Церий | 세륨 | 铈 | 鈰 | Shì | セリウム | seriumu | xeri |
| 59 | Pr | Praseodymium | Gk. prásios dídymos,'green twin' | 1885 | lanthanoid | f | 140.9 | Praseodym | Praseodimio | Praséodyme | Praseodimio | Празеодим | 프라세오디뮴 | 镨 | 鐠 | Pǔ | プラセオジム | puraseojimu | praseođimi |
| 60 | Nd | Neodymium | Gk. néos dídymos,'new twin' | 1925 | lanthanoid | f | 144.2 | Neodym | Neodimio | Néodyme | Neodimio | Неодим | 네오디뮴 | 钕 | 釹 | Nǚ | ネオジム | neojimu | neođim |
| 61 | Pm | Promethium | Prometheus, a figure in Gk. myth. | 1945 | lanthanoid | f | [145] | Promethium | Prometio | Prométhium | Promezio | Прометий | 프로메튬 | 钷 | 鉕 | Pō | プロメチウム | puromechiumu | prometi |
| 62 | Sm | Samarium | Samarskite, mineral named for Samarsky-Bykhovets, Ru. mine official | 1879 | lanthanoid | f | 150.4 | Samarium | Samario | Samarium | Samario | Самарий | 사마륨 | 钐 | 釤 | Shàn | サマリウム | samariumu | samari |
| 63 | Eu | Europium | Europe | 1901 | lanthanoid | f | 152 | Europium | Europio | Europium | Europio | Европий | 유로퓸 | 铕 | 銪 | Yǒu | ユウロピウム | yuuropiumu | europi |
| 64 | Gd | Gadolinium | Gadolinite, mineral for Finnish chemist Johan Gadolin | 1880 | lanthanoid | f | 157.3 | Gadolinium | Gadolinio | Gadolinium | Gadolinio | Гадолиний | 가돌리늄 | 钆 | 釓 | Qiú | ガドリニウム | gadoriniumu | gadolini |
| 65 | Tb | Terbium | Ytterby, Sweden, where discovered; see also yttrium, erbium, ytterbium | 1843 | lanthanoid | f | 158.9 | Terbium | Terbio | Terbium | Terbio | Тербий | 테르븀 (터븀) | 铽 | 鋱 | Tè | テルビウム | terubiumu | terbi |
| 66 | Dy | Dysprosium | Gk. dysprósitos,'hard to get' | 1886 | lanthanoid | f | 162.5 | Dysprosium | Disprosio | Dysprosium | Disprosio | Диспрозий | 디스프로슘 | 镝 | 鏑 | Dí | ジスプロシウム | jisupuroshiumu | dysprosi |
| 67 | Ho | Holmium | New Lat. Holmia,'Stockholm' | 1878 | lanthanoid | f | 164.9 | Holmium | Holmio | Holmium | Olmio | Гольмий | 홀뮴 | 钬 | 鈥 | Huǒ | ホルミウム | horumiumu | holmi |
| 68 | Er | Erbium | Ytterby, Sweden, where discovered; see also yttrium, terbium, ytterbium | 1843 | lanthanoid | f | 167.3 | Erbium | Erbio | Erbium | Erbio | Эрбий | 에르븀 (어븀) | 铒 | 鉺 | Èr | エルビウム | erubiumu | erbi |
| 69 | Tm | Thulium | Thule, the ancient name for an unclear northern location | 1879 | lanthanoid | f | 168.9 | Thulium | Tulio | Thulium | Tulio | Тулий | 툴륨 | 铥 | 銩 | Diū | ツリウム | tsuriumu | tuli |
| 70 | Yb | Ytterbium | Ytterby, Sweden, where discovered; see also yttrium, terbium, erbium | 1878 | lanthanoid | f | 173.1 | Ytterbium | Yterbio | Ytterbium | Itterbio | Иттербий | 이테르븀 (이터븀) | 镱 | 鐿 | Yì | イッテルビウム | itterubiumu | ytterbi |
| 71 | Lu | Lutetium | Lat. Lutetia,'Paris' | 1907 | lanthanoid | d | 175 | Lutetium | Lutecio | Lutécium | Lutezio | Лютеций | 루테튬 | 镥 | 鑥 | Lǔ | ルテチウム | rutechiumu | luteti |
| 72 | Hf | Hafnium | New Lat. Hafnia,'Copenhagen' > Danish havn, harbour | 1923 | transition metal | d | 178.5 | Hafnium | Hafnio | Hafnium | Afnio | Гафний | 하프늄 | 铪 | 鉿 | Jiā | ハフニウム | hafuniumu | hafni |
| 73 | Ta | Tantalum | King Tantalus, father of Niobe > Gk. myth.; see also niobium | 1802 | transition metal | d | 181 | Tantal | Tantalio | Tantale | Tantalio | Тантал | 탄탈럼 (탄탈) | 钽 | 鉭 | Tǎn | タンタル | tantaru | tantan |
| 74 | W | Tungsten | Swedish tung sten,'heavy stone'; W > Wolfram, orig. Mid. H. Ger. wolf-rahm 'wolf's foam' describing the mineral wolframite | 1783 | transition metal | d | 183.8 | Wolfram | Wolframio | Tungstène | Tungsteno | Вольфрам | 텅스텐 | 钨 | 鎢 | Wū | タングステン | tangusuten | wolfram |
| 75 | Re | Rhenium | Lat. Rhenus,'the Rhine' | 1925 | transition metal | d | 186.2 | Rhenium | Renio | Rhénium | Renio | Рений | 레늄 | 铼 | 錸 | Lái | レニウム | reniumu | rheni |
| 76 | Os | Osmium | Gk. osmḗ,'smell' | 1804 | transition metal | d | 190.2 | Osmium | Osmio | Osmium | Osmio | Осмий | 오스뮴 | 锇 | 鋨 | Tiě | オスミウム | osumiumu | osmi |
| 77 | Ir | Iridium | Iris, Gk. goddess of the rainbow | 1804 | transition metal | d | 192.2 | Iridium | Iridio | Iridium | Iridio | Иридий | 이리듐 | 铱 | 銥 | Yī | イリジウム | irijiumu | iridi |
| 78 | Pt | Platinum | Spanish platina,'little silver' > plata 'silver' | 1735 | transition metal | d | 195.1 | Platin | Platino | Platine | Platino | Платина | 백금 | 铂 | 鉑 | Bó | 白金 | hakkin | bạch kim |
| 79 | Au | Gold | Eng.; Au > Lat. aurum | Ø | transition metal | d | 197 | Gold (Aurum) | Oro | Or | Oro | Золото | 금 | 金 | 金 | Jīn | 金 | kin | vàng |
| 80 | Hg | Mercury | Mercury, Roman god of commerce & communication, known for speed and mobility; Hg > Lat. hydrargyrum > Gk. hydrárgyros,'water-silver' | Ø | transition metal | d | 200.6 | Quecksilber (Hydrargyrum) | Mercurio | Mercure | Mercurio | Ртуть | 수은 | 汞 | 汞 | Gǒng | 水銀 | suigin | thủy ngân |
| 81 | Tl | Thallium | Gk. thallós,'green shoot or twig' | 1861 | metal | p | 204.4 | Thallium | Talio | Thallium | Tallio | Таллий | 탈륨 | 铊 | 鉈 | Shī | タリウム | tariumu | tali |
| 82 | Pb | Lead | Eng.; Pb > Lat. plumbum | Ø | metal | p | 207.2 | Blei (Plumbum) | Plomo | Plomb | Piombo | Свинец | 납 | 铅 | 鉛 | Qiān | 鉛 | namari | chì |
| 83 | Bi | Bismuth | Ger. Wismut > weiß Masse 'white mass', or > Ar. | Ø | metal | p | 209 | Bismut (also Wismut) | Bismuto | Bismuth | Bismuto | Висмут | 비스무트 | 铋 | 鉍 | Bì | ビスマス | bisumusu | bismuth |
| 84 | Po | Polonium | Lat. Polonia,'Poland', country of Marie Curie | 1898 | metal | p | [209][a] | Polonium | Polonio | Polonium | Polonio | Полоний | 폴로늄 | 钋 | 釙 | Pò | ポロニウム | poroniumu | poloni |
| 85 | At | Astatine | Gk. ástatos,'unstable' | 1940 | halogen | p | [210] | Astat | Astato | Astate | Astato | Астат | 아스타틴 | 砹 | 砹 | Ài | アスタチン | asutachin | astatin |
| 86 | Rn | Radon | Radium emanation, orig., name of isotope Radon-222 | 1898 | noble gas | p | [222] | Radon | Radón | Radon | Radon | Радон | 라돈 | 氡 | 氡 | Dōng | ラドン | radon | radon |
| 87 | Fr | Francium | France, country of discoverer Marguerite Perey | 1939 | alkali metal | s | [223] | Francium | Francio | Francium | Francio | Франций | 프랑슘 | 钫 | 鈁 | Fāng | フランシウム | furanshiumu | franci |
| 88 | Ra | Radium | Fr. radium > Lat. radius,'ray' | 1898 | alkaline earth | s | [226] | Radium | Radio | Radium | Radio | Радий | 라듐 | 镭 | 鐳 | Léi | ラジウム | rajiumu | radi |
| 89 | Ac | Actinium | Gk. aktís,'ray' | 1899 | actinoid | f | [227] | Actinium | Actinio | Actinium | Attinio | Актиний | 악티늄 | 锕 | 錒 | Kē | アクチニウム | akuchiniumu | actini |
| 90 | Th | Thorium | Thor, Scandinavian god of thunder | 1828 | actinoid | f | 232 | Thorium | Torio | Thorium | Torio | Торий | 토륨 | 钍 | 釷 | Tǔ | トリウム | toriumu | thori |
| 91 | Pa | Protactinium | > Gk. prôtos,'first, before' + actinium, as Ac is produced by radioactive decay of Pa | 1917 | actinoid | f | 231 | Protactinium | Protactinio | Protactinium | Protoattinio | Протактиний | 프로트악티늄 (프로탁티늄) | 镤 | 鏷 | Pú | プロトアクチニウム | purotoakuchiniumu | protactini |
| 92 | U | Uranium | Uranus, the seventh planet | 1789 | actinoid | f | 238 | Uran | Uranio | Uranium | Uranio | Уран | 우라늄 | 铀 | 鈾 | Yóu | ウラン | uran | urani |
| 93 | Np | Neptunium | Neptune, the eighth planet | 1940 | actinoid | f | [237] | Neptunium | Neptunio | Neptunium | Nettunio | Нептуний | 넵투늄 | 镎 | 鎿 | Nài | ネプツニウム | neputsuniumu | neptuni |
| 94 | Pu | Plutonium | Pluto, a dwarf planet | 1940 | actinoid | f | [244] | Plutonium | Plutonio | Plutonium | Plutonio | Плутоний | 플루토늄 | 钚 | 鈈 | Bū | プルトニウム | purutoniumu | plutoni |
| 95 | Am | Americium | The Americas, where first synthesised, by analogy with its homologue europium | 1945 | actinoid | f | [243] | Americium | Americio | Américium | Americio | Америций | 아메리슘 | 镅 | 鎇 | Mǐ | アメリシウム | amerishiumu | americi |
| 96 | Cm | Curium | Pierre Curie and Marie Curie, Fr. physicists and chemists | 1944 | actinoid | f | [247] | Curium | Curio | Curium | Curio | Кюрий | 퀴륨 | 锔 | 鋦 | Jū | キュリウム | kyuriumu | curi |
| 97 | Bk | Berkelium | Berkeley, California, where first synthesized | 1949 | actinoid | f | [247] | Berkelium | Berkelio | Berkélium | Berkelio | Берклий | 버클륨 | 锫 | 錇 | Péi | バークリウム | bākuriumu | berkeli |
| 98 | Cf | Californium | California, where first synthesised at LBNL laboratory | 1950 | actinoid | f | [251] | Californium | Californio | Californium | Californio | Калифорний | 칼리포르늄 (칼리포늄) | 锎 | 鐦 | Kǎ | カリホルニウム | karihoruniumu | californi |
| 99 | Es | Einsteinium | Albert Einstein, Ger. physicist | 1952 | actinoid | f | [252] | Einsteinium | Einsteinio | Einsteinium | Einsteinio | Эйнштейний | 아인시타이늄 (아인슈타이늄) | 锿 | 鎄 | Ài | アインスタイニウム | ainsutainiumu | einsteini |
| 100 | Fm | Fermium | Enrico Fermi, Italian physicist | 1953 | actinoid | f | [257] | Fermium | Fermio | Fermium | Fermio | Фермий | 페르뮴 | 镄 | 鐨 | Fèi | フェルミウム | ferumiumu | fermi |
| 101 | Md | Mendelevium | Dmitri Mendeleev, Ru. chemist who proposed periodic table | 1955 | actinoid | f | [258] | Mendelevium | Mendelevio | Mendélévium | Mendelevio | Менделевий | 멘델레븀 | 钔 | 鍆 | Mén | メンデレビウム | menderebiumu | mendelevi |
| 102 | No | Nobelium | Alfred Nobel, Swedish chemist and engineer | 1957 | actinoid | f | [259] | Nobelium | Nobelio | Nobélium | Nobelio | Нобелий | 노벨륨 | 锘 | 鍩 | Tiǎn | ノーベリウム | nōberiumu | nobeli |
| 103 | Lr | Lawrencium | Ernest Lawrence, Am. physicist | 1961 | actinoid | d | [266] | Lawrencium | Laurencio | Lawrencium | Laurenzio | Лоуренсий | 로렌슘 | 铹 | 鐒 | Láo | ローレンシウム | rōrenshiumu | lawrenci |
| 104 | Rf | Rutherfordium | Ernest Rutherford, New Zealnd chemist & physicist | 1970 | transition metal | d | [267] | Rutherfordium | Rutherfordio | Rutherfordium | Rutherfordio | Резерфордий | 러더포듐 | 𬬻 | 鑪 | Lú | ラザホージウム | razahōjiumu | rutherfordi |
| 105 | Db | Dubnium | Dubna, Russia, where synthesized at JINR laboratory | 1974 | transition metal | d | [268] | Dubnium | Dubnio | Dubnium | Dubnio | Дубний | 더브늄 | 𬭊 | 𨧀 | Dù | ドブニウム | dobuniumu | dubni |
| 106 | Sg | Seaborgium | Glenn T. Seaborg, Am. chemist | 1976 | transition metal | d | [269] | Seaborgium | Seaborgio | Seaborgium | Seaborgio | Сиборгий | 새보쥼 | 𬭳 | 𨭎 | Xǐ | シーボーギウム | shībōgiumu | seaborgi |
| 107 | Bh | Bohrium | Niels Bohr, Danish physicist | 1984 | transition metal | d | [270] | Bohrium | Bohrio | Bohrium | Bohrio | Борий | 보륨 | 𬭛 | 𨨏 | Bō | ボーリウム | bōriumu | bohri |
| 108 | Hs | Hassium | New Lat. Hassia, 'Hesse', Ger. province | 1982 | transition metal | d | [269] | Hassium | Hassio | Hassium | Hassio | Хассий | 하슘 | 𬭶 | 𨭆 | Hēi | ハッシウム | hasshiumu | hassi |
| 109 | Mt | Meitnerium | Lise Meitner, Austrian physicist | 1987 | synthetic | d | [278] | Meitnerium | Meitnerio | Meitnérium | Meitnerio | Мейтнерий | 마이트너륨 | 鿏 | 䥑 | Mài | マイトネリウム | maitoneriumu | meitneri |
| 110 | Ds | Darmstadtium | Darmstadt, Germany, where first synthesised at GSI laboratories | 1994 | synthetic | d | [281] | Darmstadtium | Darmstadtio | Darmstadtium | Darmstadtio | Дармштадтий | 다름슈타튬 | 𫟼 | 鐽 | Dá | ダームスタチウム | dāmusutachiumu | darmstadti |
| 111 | Rg | Roentgenium | Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen, Ger. physicist | 1996 | synthetic | d | [282] | Roentgenium | Roentgenio | Roentgenium | Roentgenio | Рентгений | 뢴트게늄 | 𬬭 | 錀 | Lún | レントゲニウム | rentogeniumu | roentgeni |
| 112 | Cn | Copernicium | Nicolaus Copernicus, Polish astronomer | 1996 | synthetic | d | [285] | Copernicium | Copernicio | Copernicium | Copernicio | Коперниций | 코페르니슘 | 鿔 | 鎶 | Gē | コペルニシウム | koperunishiumu | . |
| 113 | Nh | Nihonium | Jp. Nihon,'Japan', where first synthesised at Riken laboratories | 2004 | synthetic | p | [286] | Nihonium | Nihonio | Nihonium | Nihonio | Нихоний | 니호늄 | 鉨 | 鉨 | Nǐ | ニホニウム | nihoniumu | . |
| 114 | Fl | Flerovium | Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions, part of JINR, where first synthesised; itself named for Georgy Flyorov, Ru. physicist | 1998 | synthetic | p | [289] | Flerovium | Flerovio | Flérovium | Flerovio | Флеровий | 플레로븀 | 𫓧 | 鈇 | Fū | フレロビウム | furerobiumu | . |
| 115 | Mc | Moscovium | Moscow, Russia, where first synthesised at JINR laboratories | 2003 | synthetic | p | [290] | Moscovium | Moscovio | Moscovium | Moscovio | Московий | 모스코비움 | 镆 | 鏌 | Mò | モスコビウム | mosukobiumu | . |
| 116 | Lv | Livermorium | Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in Livermore, California | 2000 | synthetic | p | [293] | Livermorium | Livermorio | Livermorium | Livermorio | Ливерморий | 리버모륨 | 𫟷 | 鉝 | Lì | リバモリウム | ribamoriumu | . |
| 117 | Ts | Tennessine | Tennessee, United States, location of Oak Ridge National Laboratory | 2009 | synthetic | p | [294] | Tenness | Teneso | Tennesse | Tennesso | Теннессин | 테네신 | (石)田 | (石)田 | (Shí) tián | テネシン | teneshin | . |
| 118 | Og | Oganesson | Yuri Oganessian, Ru. physicist | 2002 | synthetic | p | [294] | Oganesson | Oganesón | Oganesson | Oganesson | Оганесон | 우누녹튬 | (气)奧 | (气)奧 | (Qì) ào | オガネソン | oganeson | . |
- ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_element
- ↑ Antimony: perhaps > Gk. antí ('against') + mónos ('alone'), or Old Fr. anti-moine,'Monk's bane', or possibly Latinized Ar. ʾiṯmid,'antimony'
