Palatal consonant phonemes /ʤ/, /ʧ/

English has two consonants that are produced in the palatal or pre-palatal regions of the mouth: the affricate pair /ʤ/, /ʧ/, in which each is a blend of a stop plus fricative consonant which together function as a single phoneme.

• The voiced affricate /ʤ/ as in judge, which is more properly written with a ligature in IPA as /d͡ʒ/ with no space between the letters; it is also written as /ǰ/, /ǧ/ /ǯ/ or /dž/ in some texts that do not strictly follow the International Phonetic Alphabet.
• The voiceless affricate /ʧ/ as in cheap, which is more properly written with a ligature in IPA as /t͡ʃ/ with no space between the letters; it is also written as /č/.

In teaching pronunciation, these are often distinguished from each other, from the English /s/ and /z/ sounds, the English post-alveoloar consonant phonemes /ʒ/, /ʃ/, and from post-alveolar or palatal consonants in the students' first language.